On the added value of coupled wind-wave-current modelling

Tides, currents, wind, waves, and sea level (surge) influence each other in several ways. These interactions are often not accounted for. We here review some recent papers that report results from coupled modelling with the aim to get an impression of how large coupled effects might be, and in which regions and under which circumstances they might be significant. In general, the reviewed papers report an improved model performance if feedbacks between different models are accounted for. Based on this assessment a strategy for developing a coupled modelling system can be developed.