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Aerosol shortwave radiative heating and cooling by the 2023 and 2017 Chilean wildfire smoke plumes

Satellite measurements of the Chilean wildfire smoke plume on 28 January 2017: (a) GOME-2 Absorbing Aerosol Index (AAI) ≥ 1 aggregate overlaid over a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Truecolor and VIIRS Fire counts image composite, showing the horizontal fire plume extent over the Pacific Ocean. (b) MODIS Aerosol Optical Thickness in the cloud-free part of the plume and OMI-MODIS direct radiative effects in the cloudy part of the plume. The gray and red lines show the tracks of overlapping Calipso and International Space Station (ISS) tracks, the red parts are within the GOME-2 AAI ≥ 1 area. (c) Cloud-Aerosol LIdar with Orthogonal Polarization 532 nm attenuated backscatter curtain plot (left part) between 07:30:52 and 07:36:58 UTC along the dark grey and red Calipso track in (b). The red horizontal lines indicate the AAI ≥ 1 area, the vertical line indicates the crossing of the ISS track; and Cloud-Aerosol Transport System 1064 nm attenuated backscatter curtain plot (right part) between 11:20:22 and 11:30:25 UTC along the dark grey and red part of the ISS track in (b). The red horizontal lines indicate the AAI ≥ 1 area, the vertical line indicates the crossing of the Calipso track.

M. de Graaf, L. G. Tilstra, P. Stammes

The aerosol shortwave, direct radiative effects of smoke plumes from Chilean wildfires in 2017 and 2023 were derived from satellite observations in both cloud-free and cloud scenes. At the top of the atmosphere, the aerosol DRE changes sign when aerosol overly clouds or open ocean, confirmed by both measurements and a simulation study. The cloud-free daily-mean DRE, computed using an offline radiative transfer model (RTM), was 66 W m−2 in 2023 and 42 W m−2 in 2017, due to absorption by smoke. However, the total radiative effects were larger in 2017 due to a larger plume size compared to 2023. The method presented here provides a new conceptual model to quickly assess the radiative effects of wildfire smoke plumes using satellite measurements and pre-computed RTM results. The presented estimates are strongly affected by the uncertainty of aerosol optical thickness retrievals from satellite, which can be large in the presence of clouds.

Bibliografische gegevens

M. de Graaf, L. G. Tilstra, P. Stammes. Aerosol shortwave radiative heating and cooling by the 2023 and 2017 Chilean wildfire smoke plumes
Journal: Geophysical Research Letters, Volume: 50, Year: 2023, First page: e2023GL104387, doi: 10.1029/2023GL104387

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