During a 2023 Lorentz Workshop in Leiden, the Netherlands, a diverse community working in
atmospheric and oceanic sciences and in observations and modeling met to discuss emerging
ideas and questions on physical air-sea interaction (ASI) processes at the ASI submesoscale, where
submesoscale is meant to include both ocean submesoscale and atmosphere mesoscale interac-
tions. This white paper presents a strategy to unravel this emerging research theme, introducing
a proposed definition of the ASI submesoscale and a hierarchy of possible interactions, as
well as leading challenge questions for different ocean and atmosphere phenomena. It also
outlines opportunities to target these questions, inviting the scientific community to take up
the challenge to combine efforts across the different disciplines.
Louise Nuijens, Jacob Wenegrat, Paco Lopez Dekker, Claudia Pasquero, Larry W. O’Neill, Fabrice Ardhuin, Alex Ayet, Peter Bechtold, William Bruch, Lucas C. Laurindo, Xuanyu Chen,
Fabien Desbiolles, Ralph Foster, Ivy Frenger, Geet George, Rianne Giesen, Emily E. Hayden,
Momme Hell, Suneil Iyer, Josh Kousal, Nathan Laxague, Luc Lenain, Mariana Maia Pacheco,
Agostino N. Meroni, Shoshiro Minobe, Caroline Muller, Owen O’Driscoll, Vera Oerder, Nick
Pizzo, Dian Putrasahan, Jean-Luc Redelsperger, Lionel Renault, Björn Rommen, Cesar Sauvage,
Niklas Schneider, Mingming Shao, Pier Siebesma, Justin Small, Bjorn Stevens, Ad Stoffelen,
Ehud Strobach, Peter Sullivan, Elizabeth J. Thompson, LuAnne Thompson, Igor Uchoa, Doug
Vandemark, Bia Villas Boas, Bowen Yang, Dongxiao Zhang, Seth Zippel. The air-sea interaction (ASI) submesoscale: Physics and impact
Year: 2024, Other information:
White-paper from the Lorentz-Center Workshop on 'Ocean-atmosphere coupling at (sub)mesoscales' in Leiden, the Netherlands, September 2023